Unterschiede
Hier werden die Unterschiede zwischen zwei Versionen angezeigt.
Beide Seiten der vorigen Revision Vorhergehende Überarbeitung Nächste Überarbeitung | Vorhergehende Überarbeitung Nächste ÜberarbeitungBeide Seiten der Revision | ||
content:serverbasics [2024/01/08 18:59] – [Raided EFI-BOOT] Daniel | content:serverbasics [2024/04/20 10:26] – [Raided EFI-BOOT] Daniel | ||
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Always use LVM, as this has many benefits. On OpenSuSE btrfs is the best Filesystem if you disable Quotas on datapartitions. | Always use LVM, as this has many benefits. On OpenSuSE btrfs is the best Filesystem if you disable Quotas on datapartitions. | ||
- | |||
==== Raided EFI-BOOT ==== | ==== Raided EFI-BOOT ==== | ||
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Nowadays, UEFI is always the best choice to boot. UEFI- Boot is quite straight forward: You first take some device, make it gpt- partitioned, | Nowadays, UEFI is always the best choice to boot. UEFI- Boot is quite straight forward: You first take some device, make it gpt- partitioned, | ||
- | Unfortunatelly, | + | Unfortunatelly, |
- | Fortunatelly the designers of OSS software- raid were smarter: They found a way to work around that. | + | Fortunatelly the designers of OSS software- raid were smarter: They found a way to work around that: They made a special Version of MD Metadata calle 1.0 which will store its Metadata at the end of the partition - so it will not interfere with FAT32. For FAT32 it can work as usual and for MD-Tools it will be able to detect the devices as Raid1. |
- | So I would suggest to use two disks both partioned with gpt and same sized efi-partitions and before creating the FAT32 filesystem do software raid on it. E.g.: | + | So I would suggest to use two disks both partioned with GPT and same sized efi-partitions |
< | < | ||
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The important part is metadata=1.0 - this format has especially designed to fit the needs of raid1 of fat/efi- systems. | The important part is metadata=1.0 - this format has especially designed to fit the needs of raid1 of fat/efi- systems. | ||
- | You than install your Linux to that md- Device. If its not found in the beginning of the installation, | + | You than install your Linux Bootmanager / EFIBOOT |
Zeile 41: | Zeile 40: | ||
LVM is a powerful partition-management-layer and should always be used, when there is some none low-end hardware present. If you can use the **KDE Partitioning- Tool** (which means having Plasma=KDE Desktop compatible support), the support is very inuitive and opens a lot of flexibility whne handling partitions, like adding more disk space or moving partitions, but also on console this offers good functionality. OpenSuSE offer to create LVM- Styled system setup in installation optionally (not by default). If you can: use it. | LVM is a powerful partition-management-layer and should always be used, when there is some none low-end hardware present. If you can use the **KDE Partitioning- Tool** (which means having Plasma=KDE Desktop compatible support), the support is very inuitive and opens a lot of flexibility whne handling partitions, like adding more disk space or moving partitions, but also on console this offers good functionality. OpenSuSE offer to create LVM- Styled system setup in installation optionally (not by default). If you can: use it. | ||
- | === Raided LVM- Volumes === | + | === Mirror- |
+ | |||
+ | Noadays, MD raid1 or raid5 for system without LVM is outdated. Those things are integrated in LVM - so use it! | ||
- | Noadays, raid1 or raid5 for system | + | For our Setup we want to have the Linux Base System on Raid1, because Raid1 offers the flexibility to only have one phisical device that will work for its own without |
- | First, creat a volume | + | So first, create |
< | < | ||
vgcreate vgsystem /dev/sdX1 /dev/sdY1 | vgcreate vgsystem /dev/sdX1 /dev/sdY1 | ||
- | lvcreate -m1 --type raid1 -l 100%FREE | + | lvcreate -m1 --type raid1 -L 100GB -n lvroot vgsystem |
</ | </ | ||
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where i equals the number of devices with Data (not including parity- storage) | where i equals the number of devices with Data (not including parity- storage) | ||
+ | |||
=== Useful Commands === | === Useful Commands === | ||
Zeile 89: | Zeile 91: | ||
< | < | ||
- | # lvs -o+devices | + | # lvs -P -a -o +devices,segtype |
- | LV | + | LV VG |
- | | + | |
- | | + | [lvbackup_rimage_0] vgdata |
- | | + | [lvbackup_rimage_1] vgdata |
+ | | ||
+ | [lvbackup_rmeta_0] | ||
+ | [lvbackup_rmeta_1] | ||
+ | [lvbackup_rmeta_2] | ||
+ | lvdata | ||
+ | | ||
+ | [lvdata_rimage_1] | ||
+ | [lvdata_rimage_2] | ||
+ | [lvdata_rmeta_0] | ||
+ | [lvdata_rmeta_1] | ||
+ | [lvdata_rmeta_2] | ||
+ | lvdocker | ||
+ | [lvdocker_rimage_0] vgdata | ||
+ | [lvdocker_rimage_1] vgdata | ||
+ | [lvdocker_rimage_2] vgdata | ||
+ | [lvdocker_rmeta_0] | ||
+ | [lvdocker_rmeta_1] | ||
+ | [lvdocker_rmeta_2] | ||
+ | lvhome | ||
+ | [lvhome_rimage_0] | ||
+ | [lvhome_rimage_1] | ||
+ | [lvhome_rmeta_0] | ||
+ | [lvhome_rmeta_1] | ||
+ | lvroot | ||
+ | [lvroot_rimage_0] | ||
+ | [lvroot_rimage_1] | ||
+ | [lvroot_rmeta_0] | ||
+ | [lvroot_rmeta_1] | ||
</ | </ | ||
Zeile 103: | Zeile 133: | ||
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
== Resizing logical Volumes with mounted Filesystem == | == Resizing logical Volumes with mounted Filesystem == | ||
Zeile 364: | Zeile 395: | ||
That means you can only set the defaults per user or per group and only files or directories at once. | That means you can only set the defaults per user or per group and only files or directories at once. | ||
- | |||
=== FACL: use in batch and recursively === | === FACL: use in batch and recursively === | ||
Zeile 370: | Zeile 400: | ||
FACLs do also have good ways to be used for whole directories, | FACLs do also have good ways to be used for whole directories, | ||
- | '' | + | '' |
-R, –recursive Apply operations to all files and directories recursively. This option cannot be mixed with `–restore' | -R, –recursive Apply operations to all files and directories recursively. This option cannot be mixed with `–restore' | ||
Zeile 376: | Zeile 406: | ||
=== FACL: handle execute-bit with files and directories === | === FACL: handle execute-bit with files and directories === | ||
- | …it also allows for the use of the capital-x '' | + | …it also allows for the use of the capital-x '' |
so doing the following should work: | so doing the following should work: | ||
Zeile 387: | Zeile 417: | ||
'' | '' | ||
- | |||
==== Last words ==== | ==== Last words ==== |