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Beide Seiten der vorigen Revision Vorhergehende Überarbeitung Nächste Überarbeitung | Vorhergehende Überarbeitung | ||
content:serverbasics:docker [2024/01/05 11:13] – [First Docker App: Portainer] Daniel | content:serverbasics:docker [2025/02/08 11:30] (aktuell) – [Update] Daniel | ||
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- | ====== Docker (rootless) ====== | + | ====== Docker (rootless) |
- | Docker is a powerful solution for setting up Services. This on will give you hints how to setup Docker in a good way. | + | Docker is a powerful solution for setting up Services. This short Introducion |
- | Currently i am Experimenting | + | Currently i am experimenting |
Docker itself is nice, but it will run as root per default, which is a no-go at all. This will setup Docker in rootless- mode on OpenSuSE (currently Leap 15.5). | Docker itself is nice, but it will run as root per default, which is a no-go at all. This will setup Docker in rootless- mode on OpenSuSE (currently Leap 15.5). | ||
- | ===== Package ===== | + | __**Warning: |
- | While Docker-Rootless is not in the main Repositories, | + | So just: Don't set up Docker |
- | Then install | + | ===== Filesystem Layout ===== |
+ | |||
+ | Mind, that at the time writing, | ||
+ | |||
+ | I personally dislike xfs, especially while its not rubust and won't shrink. I use it anyway, because of its srong advise to do so - with kernel 5.19+ it should be possible to get overlay2 working on btrfs, but still there are things that may not work even with that kernel | ||
+ | |||
+ | So make sure, that the Home-Directory of you docker user is on XFS. The ftype is already ok on SuSE 15.5, check output of '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Warning: you may have umask set your way - i prefer 007 as written before. But if you change umask and permissions be very cautious, as docker uses userid- mapping and may change the permissions and ownersets of files in its directory to the subuserid. | ||
+ | |||
+ | That may change the ownership in a way, that even the docker user on the host cannot access the Files, which is OK ! | ||
+ | |||
+ | __**STRONG WARNING: Don't change permissions or ownership of docker- directories on the Host directly as this will change them in the container, making them unavaiable and break your Services !!!**__ | ||
+ | |||
+ | __**The only way to manage Volume- File- Permissions is to bash inside the running container itself and to change them there (to the right values of course)!**__ | ||
+ | |||
+ | A short hint: Docker rootless uses Sub(g)uids, which is a feature of Linux. That means each user has a range of userids (quite a huge range) and groupid which the user may use. Those will be exclusive reserved for that user. But it does not mean, that the User can acces the Files created by those Subuids! Also the UIDs are onyl a number - not a real user in Linux having a username- They cannot be used to logon or to work with. Docker manages internally which Host-Subuserid is assigned to which caontainer and to which userid inside the running container/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Packages NOT to install ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | I had really a lot of troubles with the package Docker-Rootless in the AddOn- Repository: '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | So i disabled the following packages and locked them to never install: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * docker | ||
+ | * docker-compose | ||
+ | * containerd | ||
+ | Check out beneath for install the docker way. | ||
- | ===== User ===== | + | ===== Docker- |
- | Create a new user and maybe give this user another home-directory, | + | Create a new **group** |
- | Let's say choose home ''/ | + | Attention: The Home Directory should be on a volume having XFS as btrfs or others are not fully supported right now (20.04.2024 |
- | Also it may be a good choice, not to have this user added to '' | ||
===== cGroups v2 ===== | ===== cGroups v2 ===== | ||
- | OpenSuSE Leap 15.5 does not seem to have cGroups v2 enabled. | + | OpenSuSE Leap 15.5 does not have cGroups v2 enabled, which are needed by docker. |
- | You may see a warnign | + | You may see a warning (later) |
'' | '' | ||
Zeile 45: | Zeile 71: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | after this, reboot and check if ''/ | + | after this, reboot and check if ''/ |
+ | |||
+ | After installing docker (see beneath), check if '' | ||
< | < | ||
Zeile 52: | Zeile 80: | ||
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Than, its fine. | ||
===== Install rootless Docker ===== | ===== Install rootless Docker ===== | ||
- | Warning: You CANNOT sudo to this user and install docker | + | Warning: You CANNOT sudo to the user and install docker, |
< | < | ||
Zeile 67: | Zeile 97: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | I chose to ssh into my machine directly: | + | I chose to ssh into my machine directly, than check your umask to be secure and install docker like this: |
- | <file> | + | <code> |
- | #> ssh localhost -l docker | + | # ~> ssh localhost -l docker |
- | #> pwd | + | Password: |
- | / | + | Have a lot of fun... |
- | #> dockerd-rootless-setuptool.sh check | + | docker@pcserver2023: |
- | [INFO] Requirements are satisfied | + | 0007 |
- | #> dockerd-rootless-setuptool.sh install | + | docker@pcserver2023: |
- | [INFO] Creating /srv/docker-user/ | + | # Installing stable version 25.0.2 |
+ | # Executing docker rootless install script, commit: 3b2a83b | ||
+ | % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed | ||
+ | | ||
+ | 100 68.2M 100 68.2M 0 | ||
+ | % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed | ||
+ | | ||
+ | 100 19.7M 100 19.7M 0 | ||
+ | + PATH=/ | ||
+ | + / | ||
+ | [INFO] Creating /home/ | ||
[INFO] starting systemd service docker.service | [INFO] starting systemd service docker.service | ||
+ systemctl --user start docker.service | + systemctl --user start docker.service | ||
Zeile 84: | Zeile 124: | ||
+ systemctl --user --no-pager --full status docker.service | + systemctl --user --no-pager --full status docker.service | ||
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine (Rootless) | ● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine (Rootless) | ||
- | | + | Loaded: loaded (/home/ |
- | Active: active (running) since Tue 2023-12-19 17:53:39 CET; 3s ago | + | |
- | Docs: https:// | + | |
- | Main PID: 6774 (rootlesskit) | + | |
- | CGroup: / | + | |
- | ├─ | + | |
- | p=auto --disable-host-loopback --port-driver=builtin --copy-up=/ | + | CPU: 224ms |
- | in/ | + | CGroup: / |
- | ├─ | + | |
- | comp=auto --disable-host-loopback --port-driver=builtin --copy-up=/ | + | |
- | r/ | + | |
- | ├─ | + | |
- | 85 tap0 | + | |
- | ├─ | + | |
- | └─ | + | |
+ DOCKER_HOST=unix:/// | + DOCKER_HOST=unix:/// | ||
- | + /usr/bin/docker version | + | + /home/docker/bin/docker version |
Client: | Client: | ||
- | Version: | + | Version: |
- | API version: | + | API version: |
- | Go version: | + | Go version: |
- | Git commit: | + | Git commit: |
- | Built: | + | |
- | OS/ | + | |
- | Context: | + | |
- | Server: | + | Server: |
- | Engine: | + | |
- | | + | Version: |
- | API version: | + | API version: |
- | Go version: | + | Go version: |
- | Git commit: | + | Git commit: |
- | | + | Built: |
- | | + | OS/ |
- | | + | Experimental: |
- | containerd: | + | |
- | | + | Version: |
- | | + | GitCommit: |
- | runc: | + | |
- | | + | Version: |
- | | + | GitCommit: |
- | docker-init: | + | |
- | | + | Version: |
- | | + | GitCommit: |
- | rootlesskit: | + | |
- | | + | Version: |
- | | + | ApiVersion: |
- | | + | NetworkDriver: |
- | | + | PortDriver: |
- | | + | StateDir: |
- | slirp4netns: | + | vpnkit: |
- | | + | Version: |
- | | + | |
+ systemctl --user enable docker.service | + systemctl --user enable docker.service | ||
- | Created symlink /srv/docker-user/ | + | Created symlink /home/ |
- | config/ | + | |
[INFO] Installed docker.service successfully. | [INFO] Installed docker.service successfully. | ||
[INFO] To control docker.service, | [INFO] To control docker.service, | ||
Zeile 150: | Zeile 186: | ||
[INFO] Make sure the following environment variable(s) are set (or add them to ~/.bashrc): | [INFO] Make sure the following environment variable(s) are set (or add them to ~/.bashrc): | ||
- | export PATH=/usr/bin:$PATH | + | export PATH=/home/docker/bin:$PATH |
[INFO] Some applications may require the following environment variable too: | [INFO] Some applications may require the following environment variable too: | ||
export DOCKER_HOST=unix:/// | export DOCKER_HOST=unix:/// | ||
- | </file> | + | </code> |
- | So, this looks nice. | + | So, this looks very nice. **Important: |
- | Mind, that now your volumes | + | ===== Check Docker install ===== |
- | ==== Optional | + | |
+ | Log out of docker user if you are still in from install. Then, log back in to apply the bashrc- settings. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ceck the Environement to have the settings: | ||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | docker@pcserver2023: | ||
+ | Connection to localhost closed. | ||
+ | obel1x@pcserver2023: | ||
+ | Password: | ||
+ | Last login: Sat Apr 20 15:18:56 2024 from ::1 | ||
+ | Have a lot of fun... | ||
+ | docker@pcserver2023: | ||
+ | unix:/// | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Now check '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | docker@pcserver2023: | ||
+ | Client: | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Debug Mode: false | ||
+ | |||
+ | Server: | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Running: 0 | ||
+ | Paused: 0 | ||
+ | Stopped: 0 | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Backing Filesystem: xfs | ||
+ | Supports d_type: true | ||
+ | Using metacopy: false | ||
+ | Native Overlay Diff: false | ||
+ | userxattr: true | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Volume: local | ||
+ | Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay | ||
+ | Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local splunk syslog | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Init Binary: docker-init | ||
+ | | ||
+ | runc version: v1.1.12-0-g51d5e94 | ||
+ | init version: de40ad0 | ||
+ | | ||
+ | seccomp | ||
+ | | ||
+ | rootless | ||
+ | cgroupns | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | CPUs: 8 | ||
+ | Total Memory: 30.79GiB | ||
+ | Name: pcserver2023 | ||
+ | ID: 45699224-ea9c-4865-8dea-a53bb20b788c | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Debug Mode: false | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | 127.0.0.0/8 | ||
+ | Live Restore Enabled: false | ||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Additional knowledge ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Storage driver and FS-Type : overlay2 should always be used, btrfs is outdated! XFS and d_type are important! | ||
+ | * CGroup Version needs to be 2 or better | ||
+ | * If you see Docker complaining about Module aufs at start: do not care about - that module is obsolete | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== IP-Filter ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | When starting Docker, an the log says: | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | level=warning msg=" | ||
+ | level=info msg=" | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | You first need to load the module with modprobe. | ||
+ | |||
+ | For system startup, use ''/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== IPTables ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | If you see '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled | ||
+ | WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | This should be fixed by: | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | # sudo echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1">> | ||
+ | # sudo echo " | ||
+ | # sudo modprobe br_netfilter | ||
+ | # sudo sysctl --system | ||
+ | |||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Configuring | ||
in rootless-mode, | in rootless-mode, | ||
Zeile 166: | Zeile 318: | ||
'' | '' | ||
- | by default, the path and the file is not existent, | + | **by default, the path and the file is not existent, |
- | For example | + | For example, enable IPv6. See [[https:// |
< | < | ||
{ | { | ||
- | " | ||
- | " | ||
- | " | ||
" | " | ||
- | " | + | " |
- | " | + | " |
" | " | ||
" | " | ||
Zeile 186: | Zeile 335: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Here, ipv6 support has been turned on. See [[https:// | + | Notice: Don't use '' |
- | Notice: Don't use '' | + | Edit: " |
- | ===== Filesystem Layout ===== | + | |
- | Mind, that at the time writing '' | + | You need to adjust cidr to some unique ULA. ULAs are non internet routable adresses |
- | I personally dislike xfs, especially while its not rubust and won't shrink. I use it anyway, because of its srong advise | + | Maybe use this tool to generate: [[https:// |
- | For checking which filesystem is in use, see '' | + | ===== Networking |
- | < | + | |
- | Storage Driver: overlay2 | + | If you read docs in the net about networking with Docker you may see docker0 as bridge network. While this network is also there in docker rootless, you will not find that network as interface on your host like you would on a rootful docker. |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | Using metacopy: false | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | </ | + | Instead the network is encapsulated in the environement of rootlesskit and not visible to the host. From the Hosts view Docker is just another Application running on your Host talking to the internet like some app would do. |
- | If you create a XFS-Filesystem with Leap 15.5 it will have '' | + | ===== Install docker compose ===== |
- | For me, i like btrfs a bit more than xfs, so i chose to have three different locations | + | **This Chapter may be obsolete as since docker v27 the compose plugin is part of installation script - check your output of '' |
- | < | + | The command '' |
- | #> mount | grep /srv | + | |
- | /dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdata on /srv type btrfs (rw, | + | |
- | /dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdocker on /srv/docker type xfs (rw, | + | |
- | </ | + | Installing it the manual way: |
- | and in /srv i have | + | Edit the File '' |
- | < | + | |
- | + | ||
- | #> ls /srv/ | grep docker | + | |
- | docker #-> for storing docker-data using xfs | + | |
- | docker-compose #-> for my yaml-files | + | |
- | docker-user #-> this is the home of the docker user, containing the executables in user-space | + | |
- | + | ||
- | </file> | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ==== ... and the permissions of the files ==== | + | |
- | + | ||
- | For me i would like the files only be read/ | + | |
< | < | ||
- | #:~ # cd /srv | + | export DOCKER_CONFIG=${DOCKER_CONFIG:-$HOME/.docker} |
- | #:/srv # chown docker docker* | + | |
- | #:/srv # chgrp docker docker* -R | + | |
- | #:/srv # setfacl -m d:u::rwX -R docker* | + | |
- | #:/srv # setfacl -m d:g::rwX -R docker* | + | |
- | #:/srv # setfacl -m d:o::--- -R docker* | + | |
- | #:/srv # setfacl -m u::rwX -R docker* | + | |
- | #:/srv # setfacl -m g::rwX -R docker* | + | |
- | #:/srv # setfacl -m o::--- -R docker* | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | That way, others do not have any access | + | Then relog to the docker |
- | + | ||
- | === Compatibility Mode === | + | |
- | + | ||
- | There are Dockers out there, that are not aware of rootless-modes. One example (date up to now) is phpmyadmin. It will create files in docker-start- script | + | |
- | + | ||
- | So you may change the default for others to be readable: | + | |
< | < | ||
- | #:~ # cd /srv | + | docker@pcserver2023:~> mkdir -p $DOCKER_CONFIG/cli-plugins |
- | #:/srv # setfacl | + | docker@pcserver2023:~> curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/ |
- | #:/srv # setfacl | + | % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed |
- | #:/srv # setfacl | + | |
- | #:/srv # setfacl | + | 0 |
+ | 100 59.8M 100 59.8M 0 | ||
+ | docker@pcserver2023: | ||
+ | docker@pcserver2023: | ||
+ | Docker Compose version v2.26.1 | ||
+ | docker@pcserver2023: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | The docker- daemon will create all files that are downloaded and created in a container as the facls are set if not forced to have other permissions by the docker-app itself. | + | Your done with the compose plugin |
- | === Volume- Permissions | + | ===== Update ===== |
- | Usually all the data- files are kept in Volumes. Unfortunatelly, docker does not care about linux acls and user permissions in Volumes | + | If you want to update your docker- installation, there is not update- process but to use the same script again: |
- | So if you would like to have your files really secured from other user, you can create the volume with an umask - e.g.: | + | < |
+ | # | ||
+ | #Upgrade docker rootless and plugin | ||
+ | ./ | ||
+ | sleep 5 | ||
+ | systemctl --user stop docker | ||
+ | sleep 5 | ||
+ | # | ||
+ | rm -f ~/ | ||
+ | rm ~/.config/ | ||
+ | mv ~/ | ||
+ | #reinstall docker compose | ||
+ | COMPOSE_VER=' | ||
+ | rm $DOCKER_CONFIG/ | ||
+ | echo " | ||
+ | curl -SL https:// | ||
+ | chmod +x $DOCKER_CONFIG/ | ||
+ | #install docker | ||
+ | curl -fsSL https:// | ||
+ | #need to give the new binary permissions to acces privileged network ports (beneath 1024) | ||
+ | sudo setcap ' | ||
+ | #this should be everything | ||
+ | docker info | ||
- | '' | + | </ |
- | That would make all files in the Volume have the right permissions. | + | |
- | In Docker-Compose use this in your yml: | ||
- | < | + | ===== Create a place for Yamls ===== |
- | volumes: | + | |
- | volumename: | + | |
- | driver_opts: | + | |
- | device: "" | + | |
- | type: "" | + | |
- | o: "umask=0007" | + | |
- | </ | + | Now, that you have compose, you can use it to setup your services with YAML- Files. Each service should have a directory for its own. |
- | Device | + | Make a directory with '' |
===== First Docker App: Portainer ===== | ===== First Docker App: Portainer ===== | ||
- | Now - finally its time for our first running Container. As the Portainer- App is the most important Management- Software in Docker, let's run it in a safe userspaced way now. | + | Now - finally its time for our first running Container. As the Portainer- App is an important Management- Software in Docker |
- | As always, SSH into your docker- user and than create the folders and yml-files for portainer. | + | As always, SSH into your docker- user and than create the folders and yml-files for docker compose and portainer. |
+ | < | ||
- | < | ||
obel1x@server: | obel1x@server: | ||
- | |||
Password: | Password: | ||
- | docker@server:~> cd /srv/ | + | docker@pcserver2023:~> cd ~/docker_compose |
- | docker@server:~> mkdir portainer | + | docker@pcserver2023:~/ |
- | docker@server:/srv/ | + | docker@pcserver2023:~/docker_compose> cd portainer |
- | docker@server:/srv/docker-compose/ | + | docker@pcserver2023:~/docker_compose> |
- | # file: . | + | docker@pcserver2023:~/docker_compose> |
- | # owner: docker | + | |
- | # group: docker | + | |
- | user::rwx | + | |
- | group:: | + | |
- | other:: | + | |
- | default: | + | |
- | default: | + | |
- | default: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | docker@server:/srv/ | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | put the following into that file: | + | Put the following into that file: |
< | < | ||
- | version: " | ||
services: | services: | ||
| | ||
Zeile 332: | Zeile 452: | ||
volumes: | volumes: | ||
| | ||
- | | ||
- | | ||
- | type: "" | ||
- | o: " | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | now start your app: | + | Check, that the Socket- Path is the correct one. |
- | < | + | Now start your app and look the magic: |
- | docker@server: | + | |
- | [...] | + | |
- | ⠿ Container portainer-portainer-1 | + | |
- | + | ||
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Check the volume has been created at the right location | + | |
< | < | ||
- | docker@server:~> docker | + | docker@pcserver2023:~/ |
- | [ | + | [+] Running 12/12 |
- | { | + | ✔ portainer Pulled |
- | " | + | ✔ 379538b6d68e Pull complete |
- | " | + | ✔ 4ea3e2c3a39b Pull complete |
- | " | + | ✔ 5171176db7f2 Pull complete |
- | "com.docker.compose.project": | + | ✔ 52e9438966a5 Pull complete |
- | "com.docker.compose.version": | + | ✔ 43d4775415ac Pull complete |
- | "com.docker.compose.volume": | + | ✔ c1cad9f5200f Pull complete |
- | }, | + | ✔ 22eab514564f Pull complete |
- | " | + | ✔ 962b9fa821a2 Pull complete |
- | " | + | ✔ c153fefda5ce Pull complete |
- | " | + | ✔ bed990c4615b Pull complete |
- | " | + | ✔ 4f4fb700ef54 Pull complete |
- | **" | + | [+] Running 3/3 |
- | " | + | ✔ Network portainer_default |
- | }, | + | ✔ Volume |
- | " | + | ✔ Container portainer-portainer-1 |
- | } | + | docker@pcserver2023:~/ |
- | ] | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | and finally if the files have been created only readable by the user: | + | Now you can go to [[http:// |
- | < | + | {{ |
- | ls / | + | |
- | -rw——- 1 docker docker 77 21. Dez 09:37 / | + | |
- | / | + | Thats all: Docker is running and serving your services, cheers! |
- | insgesamt 40 | + | |
- | drwx——+ 2 docker docker 6 21. Dez 09:37 bin | + | |
- | drwx——+ 2 docker docker 37 21. Dez 09:37 certs | + | |
- | drwx——+ 2 docker docker 29 21. Dez 09:37 chisel | + | |
- | drwx——+ 2 docker docker 6 21. Dez 09:37 compose | + | |
- | drwx——+ 2 docker docker 25 21. Dez 09:37 docker_config | + | |
- | -rw——- 1 docker docker 65536 21. Dez 09:37 portainer.db | + | |
- | -rw——- 1 docker docker 227 21. Dez 09:37 portainer.key | + | |
- | -rw——- 1 docker docker 190 21. Dez 09:37 portainer.pub | + | |
- | drwx——+ 2 docker docker 6 21. Dez 09:37 tls | + | |
- | / | + | ===== Fast Stop of all Containers ===== |
- | insgesamt 0 | + | |
- | / | + | This makes life easy '' |
- | insgesamt 8 | + | < |
- | -rw——- 1 docker docker 518 21. Dez 09:37 cert.pem | + | |
- | -rw——- 1 docker docker 227 21. Dez 09:37 key.pem | + | |
- | /srv/docker/ | + | #!/bin/bash |
- | insgesamt 4 | + | docker |
- | -rw——- 1 docker docker | + | docker |
- | / | + | </file> |
- | insgesamt 0 | + | |
- | + | ||
- | / | + | |
- | insgesamt 4 | + | |
- | -rw-r—– 1 docker docker 389 21. Dez 09:37 config.json | + | |
- | + | ||
- | / | + | |
- | insgesamt 0 | + | |
- | + | ||
- | </code> | + | |
- | + | ||
- | this is amazing, right ;) ? | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Now you can go to [[http:// | + | |
- | + | ||
- | {{ .: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Thats all here, cheers! | + | |